The Palestinian Centre for Human Rights (PCHR) warns of the rapid and widespread outbreak of serious and infectious diseases among the Gaza Strip’s population, particularly among children This follows the confirmed deaths of three individuals from Guillain-Barré Syndrome—two of them under the age of fifteen—alongside the growing spread of meningitis and other intestinal infections affecting thousands.1 PCHR emphasizes that the catastrophic conditions deliberately imposed by the Israeli Occupation Forces (IOF) are the main cause behind the spread of diseases and epidemics, due to the intensification of their starvation and dehydration policy and the blockade on the entry of medicines and essential humanitarian aid to nearly 2 million people living in inhumane conditions within an area that constitutes 12% of the Gaza Strip.
According to PCHR’s follow-ups, the Palestinian Ministry of Health (MOH) in Gaza has recorded about 57 cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome, noting that the essential treatment for this syndrome, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG),2 is unavailable in Gaza’s hospitals, putting patients’ lives at risk of death. Doctors at the MOH describe Guillain-Barré Syndrome as an autoimmune disease that causes neuropathy. Its symptoms, such as weakness and tingling, start in the feet and legs and then ascend towards the trunk and chest. The syndrome also affects the nervous system and leads to muscle weakness, which may eventually result in paralysis, respiratory failure, and death.
Dr. Jamil Salman, Director of Al-Nasr Pediatric Hospital in Gaza City, told PCHR’s researcher that the spread of such diseases is due to two main factors. The first is the starvation policy imposed by the IOF, which has led to severe malnutrition, resulting in a weakened immune system and severe, atypical infections. The second is the environment that has facilitated the spread of infectious diseases due to overcrowding in displacement camps, amid acute shortage of water and hygiene supplies, and the accumulation of waste and sewage.
Dr. Salman emphasized that the hospital is overwhelmed with hundreds of cases suffering from various diseases caused by compromised immune systems resulting from severe malnutrition. According to PCHR’s follow-ups, hospitals in the Gaza Strip have recorded five deaths in the past 24 hours due to starvation and malnutrition, all of whom were adults. This brings the total number of victims of starvation and malnutrition to 180, including 93 children.3
PCHR believes that the significant surge in the number of deaths and the emergence of new immune-related diseases among both children and adults is an alarming indicator of an impending health catastrophe that could result in more deaths, especially as the Israeli starvation policy persists and the entry of humanitarian aid remains blocked for the sixth consecutive month.
PCHR affirms that the humanitarian catastrophe in the Gaza Strip was deliberately and premeditatedly caused by Israeli war criminals, especially when the Israeli Prime Minister announced in early March 2025 a ban on the entry of humanitarian aid into the Gaza Strip and the use of starvation as a weapon of war against civilians, in a grave violation of international law that prohibits such criminal acts. These acts also constitute an intent to destroy the population, which is prohibited under the Genocide Convention.
PCHR recalls the arrest warrants issued by the International Criminal Court (ICC) against Netanyahu and his former Defense Minister Gallant for their involvement in war crimes, specifically using starvation as a weapon of war. PCHR also recalls the three provisional measures issued by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) calling for the immediate and unrestricted entry of humanitarian aid into the Gaza Strip.
In light of the above, PCHR calls on the international community to take serious action to halt the crime of genocide being committed by IOF against civilians in the Gaza Strip, to pressure Israel to allow the entry of humanitarian aid and essential medical supplies to save the lives of patients and residents as soon as possible through crossings, and to ensure their dignified delivery to those in urgent need, in accordance with the principles of humanitarian work.
PCHR calls on the World Health Organization (WHO) to expedite the entry of essential medical supplies, particularly intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), to save patients’ lives and treat cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome.
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